Alp SuleimanGrowth Partner

Rule of 40 Calculator

How much growth or margin is missing for 40, with the other held constant? The Rule of 40 puts growth and profitability into one number: if annual revenue growth plus profit margin is 40 or more, the balance is considered healthy. Relayed by Brad Feld in 2015 from an investor and also covered by Bessemer, it's used mostly for software companies at scale.

Tool 8 / 15

Rule of 40 Calculator

Inputs

Profit measure

Last 12 months
%

Revenue or ARR, versus the same period last year.

%

Free cash flow ÷ revenue. Enter a negative number if you're losing money.

Result

Rule of 40 score: 22%

Rule of 40 score

22%

28% growth, -6% FCF margin.

18 points below 40

Close the gap by raising FCF margin or growing faster. The two boxes below show what each takes if you hold the other constant.

Growth is carrying the score. When growth slows, margin will need to improve just as fast.

FCF margin needed for 40

12%

At 28% growth; 18 more points.

Growth needed for 40

46%

At -6% margin; 18 more points.

What makes up the score

  • Growth+28%
  • FCF margin-6%

    A negative margin is subtracted from the score.

  • Score+22%
  • Bar+40%

Rule of X (Bessemer)

50%

28% × 2 + -6%. Bessemer suggests weighting growth about 2× for late-stage private companies.

A note on scale

Bessemer says efficiency scores like this are generally meaningful above $25M of ARR. If you're smaller, burn multiple and the path to profitability are better measures.

Share this result

Results are estimates based on the values you enter, not investment or financial advice. The calculation runs in your browser and no separate request is made to send your numbers. The values you enter are written into the link in the address bar.

Formula

  • Rule of 40 score

    Annual revenue growth % + profit margin %

    Bessemer uses free cash flow (FCF) margin; many companies use EBITDA margin.

  • Margin needed for 40

    40 − growth %

  • Rule of X (Bessemer)

    Growth % × 2 + FCF margin %

    Bessemer suggests weighting growth about 2× for late-stage private companies.

How to read the result

The score measures balance; it isn't a goal on its own. A company growing 60% while losing 20% and one growing 10% with a 30% margin both hit 40. They're very different businesses. So alongside the total, look at which component carries the score.

Below 40, there are two paths: raise margin or grow faster. The tool shows both. Which is cheaper depends on your business. If growth is slowing, cutting inefficient spend to lift margin usually pays off faster. If growth is strong, braking it for margin can destroy value.

Bessemer made that last point explicitly in 2024. It argued that weighting growth and margin equally leads to misguided decisions for late-stage companies approaching profitability, and proposed the Rule of X: growth times roughly 2, plus FCF margin. Of two companies with the same score, the faster-growing one has the higher Rule of X.

Mind the scale. Bessemer notes these efficiency scores are generally meaningful above $25M of ARR and can mislead on smaller revenue bases. In the early stage, burn multiple and the path to profitability are better measures.

Finally, be consistent about which margin you use. EBITDA ignores capital expenditure and working capital; FCF doesn't. When talking to investors, say clearly which one you use and don't switch between periods.

Frequently asked questions

What is the Rule of 40?

It's a rule that says annual revenue growth plus profit margin should be 40% or more. In Bessemer's words, businesses above 40% are deemed increasingly valuable. It shows the balance between growth and profitability in a single number.

How do you calculate the Rule of 40?

Add annual revenue growth percentage to profit margin percentage. A company growing 30% with a 10% FCF margin scores 40. One growing 28% with a −6% margin scores 22.

Should I use EBITDA or FCF?

Bessemer's definitions use free cash flow (FCF) margin. Many companies calculate it with EBITDA too. FCF reflects capital expenditure and working capital, so it's the stricter measure. Whichever you choose, be consistent.

Should early-stage startups use the Rule of 40?

Usually not. Bessemer says efficiency scores like this are meaningful above $25M of ARR, and that early-stage companies should focus on burn multiple and the path to free cash flow.

What is the Rule of X?

Bessemer's 2024 adaptation: growth rate is multiplied by a factor (about 2 for late-stage private companies) and added to FCF margin. The idea is that over the long run growth contributes more to value than profitability does.

Let's read the story behind the numbers together.

Let's pin down which metric is really limiting your growth and which lever to pull first.

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